Citing AI as a source

Different instructors may have different policies on the use of generative AI in their classes. When citing AI in class assignments, students should make sure they understand what is and isn't allowed before using (and citing) generative AI.

Here are a couple of considerations for when and how to acknowledge the use of generative AI in assignments:

• When using generative AI tools in your process (e.g., brainstorming, outlining, proofreading, etc.), do not cite the tool but do acknowledge your use of it somewhere in your narrative or in a footnote. Check with your instructor for specific guidelines about how to acknowledge generative AI tools in your process.
• When using AI-generated content as a source in your assignment (e.g., for quoting, paraphrasing, summarizing, or otherwise incorporating), cite the source according to the appropriate style guideline, listed below. However, in many cases it is best to find an original source to cite, rather than citing an AI tool.

The use of generative AI in research and writing is an emerging and quickly evolving practice. Existing guidelines about how to incorporate and acknowledge generative AI in research are likewise evolving. Be flexible as you learn how to cite these tools.

For more information, see Acknowledging and Citing Generative AI in Academic Work.